Web Picks: June 2008 Archives

Compact fluorescent light bulbs (CFLs) are being promoted as a way to help the planet, since they use so much less electricity than ordinary bulbs. But the downside has been their mercury content, which can spread if the bulb breaks. Now, UPI reports that researchers at Brown University have come up with a material that absorbs the mercury in case of a break.

Web pick posted by Neil Savage, Xconomy.com

Democratic presidential candidate Barack Obama has proposed creating a Cabinet-level position for a chief technology officer. Washingtonian.com finds the idea intriguing, and reviews some of the names being kicked around among techies. Should the czar be Google's Vint Cerf, Microsoft's Steve Ballmer, Amazon's Jeff Bezos, or someone else? Author Garrett Graff says the push for a national CTO comes at a time when Washington and Silicon Valley are trying to develop closer relationships

Web pick posted by Neil Savage, Xconomy.com

In a sign that the market for photovoltaics may be about to take off, three computer heavyweights that promoted the development of the PC over the past three decades are moving into the solar cell business, says Scientific American. IBM announced it will begin making solar panels based on chemical thin films. Intel spun off a new solar tech company. And Hewlett-Packard started licensing technology to a company that makes rooftop solar systems.

Web pick posted by Neil Savage, Xconomy.com

Materials engineered to be smaller than the wavelength of visible light are finding increasing applications in medicine, engineering, even consumer products like face cream, but no one quite knows what impact they might have on human health. Now researchers at the University of Michigan have come up with a way to test the effects of nanoparticles on human cells, according to the Wired Science blog. They also found that if they coated certain particles with a gel, they could make them less toxic.

Web Pick posted by Neil Savage, Xconomy.com

It's going to take a major effort for the United States to use renewable sources for a quarter of its energy needs by 2025, a new report says. The study, from the RAND Corporation, was commissioned by the non-profit Energy Future Coalition, which has set a "25 by '25" goal for renewables, according to Science Daily. The study warns that, if done wrong, a conversion to that much renewable energy could be expensive and have a negative impact on land use.

Web picks posted by Neil Savage, Xconomy.com

The government must take steps to push the availability of broadband Internet access if the U.S. is to remain competitive, a telecom law firm is recommending. The Baller Herbst Law Group, in a report to a North Carolina agency, calls for 100 megabits per second of affordable access for all Americans by 2012, with 1 gigabit per second service three years later, Ars Technica reports. Like electrification, it will require government action to ensure poorer and more rural areas get service, the report says.

posted by Neil Savage, Xconomy.com

Republican Presidential Candidate John McCain this week suggested offering $300 million to the person who can build the next generation of battery for plug-in hybrid automobiles. Technology Review asks a pair of MIT battery experts what they think of the idea. While one says the prize will focus attention on a key problem, the other feels that, without benchmarks, the idea is mainly a political stunt.

Web picks posted by Neil Savage, Xconomy.com

The companies that offer phones calls using Voice-over-Internet Protocol, such as Skype and Vonage, currently piggyback on telephone networks when one of the parties to a call doesn't have a VoIP device, a strategy that brings the VoIP companies revenue. But an essay at GigaOm argues that this model won't last forever, as VoIP achieves greater penetration. In the long run, the writer argues, the telephone companies may go the way of the Dodo.

Web picks posted by Neil Savage, Xconomy.com

Presidential candidates John McCain and Barack Obama ought to have a debate focusing on science and technology policy, a former White House technology advisor says. Mike Nelson, who worked in the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy under Bill Clinton, tells Wired's Threat Level blog that the topics should include universal broadband Internet access. But he'd reframe a debate on science as a debate about America's future, Nelson said.

To help frame the debate on science, TechCrunch, which has been covering the just-finished Personal Democracy Forum in New York City, offers a poll to find out what technology policies its readers would give priority to. Among the choices, "mandate net neutrality," "promote renewable energy," and "appoint an engineer to the FCC." Netscape creator Mark Andreessen suggests "brain draining the world" by offering work visas to anyone with a college education.

Related Story: Clinton, Obama Surrogates Debate Science Policy

posted by Neil Savage, Xconomy.com

An insufficient number of work visas and green cards is forcing foreign students educated in the United States to take their skills and go home, leaving "a tremendous number of unfilled jobs," warns an industry trade group. The New York Times reports that a technology industry trade association, AeA, has released a report, Cybercities 2008, saying the US is not producing enough of its own technology graduates to fill its needs.

posted by Neil Savage, Xconomy.com

The quality and accessibility of broadband in the U.S. is falling behind that of Europe and Asia, groups from the ACLU to Google believe. So the groups have joined together in a campaign called "Internet for Everyone," to urge the next administration to make universal broadband access a priority. The Google Public Policy blog explains the company's reasons for joining the push.

posted by Neil Savage, Xconomy.com

Wind and solar power are all well and good, but unless there's a way to transmit their electricity from, say, the middle of the Mojave Desert to a home in the Dallas suburbs, they won't make much difference.

Speakers at the Renewable Energy Finance Forum said there's a real need to fund and build high-power transmission lines in the parts of the country where wind farms and solar installations would work best, which tend to be less inhabited, according to the Environmental News Network.

posted by Neil Savage, Xconomy.com

Alternative energy and conservation aren't the only responses to climate change. Another approach policy makers should consider is geo-engineering, changing the Earth to control the environment, an opinion piece in the Los Angeles Times suggests. Actions such as putting particles into the atmosphere to reflect more sunlight away from the planet could buy us time as we switch to alternative fuels, argues Samuel Thernstrom of the American Enterprise Institute.

posted by Neil Savage, Xconomy.com

A two-day conference in New York City this week is looking at the interaction of the Web and the political process, reports Ars Technica. At the Personal Democracy Forum's confab, researchers presented tools for mapping and modeling the blogosphere. One speaker suggested that online fundraising is not as important a use of the Internet as finding new ways to create civic institutions. New ways to conceive of bloggers and institutional relationships will aid that quest. And another noted that traditional media outlets are challenging bloggers with their own offerings during this campaign.

posted by Neil Savage, Xconomy.com

Can public safety officials get emergency help where it's needed in a more timely manner? That's the question researchers at Cornell are examining. Science Daily tells us the researchers have a National Science Foundation grant to perfect a computer program that will tell city managers where to place ambulances across a city for maximum availability at all times.

posted by Neil Savage, Xconomy.com

The Securities and Exchange Commission will examine whether peer-to-peer lending embedded on a site like Facebook is a good idea, Tech Crunch reports. Lending Club, originally launched as a Facebook application, has filed registration forms with the government. The company suspended operations in April after the SEC told it it required regulatory approval to act as the middleman in lending deals.

posted by Neil Savage, Xconomy.com

The poisonous seeds of a fast-growing weed called jatophra could make the friendly skies a little greener, the Los Angeles Times reports. Researchers from the Hawaii Agriculture Research Center are working with companies like Boeing to develop the oil from the seeds into a plant-based jet fuel. The fuel could produce about half the carbon emissions of fossil fuel, researchers say.

posted by Neil Savage, Xconomy.com

Finding new sources of energy is important, but so is cutting back energy use at power-hungry facilities like computer data centers. CNET News brings us the story of a startup, Power Assure, which has developed so-called Holistic Power Management. The company says it can reduce data center power by up to 80 percent.

posted by Neil Savage, Xconomy.com

With oil prices soaring and concern about global warming spreading, alternative energy could well be a booming market in the next few years. But will the winner be biodiesel, wind power, solar energy, or even new nuclear power? A special report in the Economist looks at a variety of technologies being developed around the world.

The authors say: "Any transition from an economy based on fossil fuels to one based on renewable, alternative, green energy--call it what you will--is likely to be slow, as similar changes have been in the past. On the other hand, the scale of the market provides opportunities for alternatives to prove themselves at the margin and then move into the mainstream, as is happening with wind power at the moment.

posted by Neil Savage, Xconomy.com

The way we think about fuel efficiency could be undermining our ability to actually figure out how much a car can save us in gas costs, researchers at Duke University suggest.

New Scientist reports that a study found that people think doubling the miles per gallon of a compact car has the same effect on overall fuel consumption as doubling it in an SUV: that is, going from 10 to 20 mpg saves five gallons per 100 miles, while going from 25 to 50 mpg saves only two. The scientists want to flip the Environmental Protection Agency's standard on its head, from miles per gallon to gallons per (100) miles, which they say would make the picture clearer. In this case, 100 miles in the more efficient compact would "cost" 2 gallons, as opposed to 5 gallons in the more efficient SUV.

posted by Neil Savage, Xconomy.com

Ninety-nine large businesses from all over the world, including ALCOA and Shell, want global leaders to get together on greenhouse-gas targets and an international carbon market, Bloomberg says.

The statement, prepared by the World Economic Forum, was presented ahead of next month's meeting of the Group of Eight industrialized nations. The U.S. has said it won't agree to any binding targets unless China and India do also.

Bloomberg quotes Paris-based International Energy Agency as saying earlier this month that "Oil, power and metal industries are among the biggest emitters of greenhouse gases blamed for global warming. To cut their output in half by 2050, an extra $45 trillion must be invested in clean-air technologies."

posted by Neil Savage, Xconomy.com

The continued use of certain drugs, known as contrast agents, to improve echocardiogram (ultrasound) images of the heart is leading to deaths, the Food and Drug Administration says.

An AP story on Forbes.com reports that the FDA put out a warning in October, but since then has received four reports of patients dying after being injected with Definity, a drug formerly marketed by Bristol Myers Squibb.

Researchers are always trying to develop agents that are easier to see on ultrasound or MRI scans as a way to spot hard-to-find defects.

"Think," a Norwegian company that makes cars that run only on electricity, has opened a North American division and hopes to start-selling its autos in the U.S. in 2009, Business Week reports.

The Think Ox is about the size of a Prius, runs for 125-155 miles per charge on rechargeable lithium ion batteries, and goes from 0 to 60 mph in 8.5 seconds. One wonders if the Ox name, presumably designed to evoke clean air, will have the same effect on sales that the Chevy Nova---"no go" in Spanish---legendarily had on sales in Latin America.

Posted by Neil Savage, Xconomy.com

Digitizing health records can improve the quality of medical care by speeding access to information and reducing errors. But the New York Times reports that a new study shows fewer than 20 percent of the nation's doctors have adopted electronic records. A big part of the problem is that small, private practices don't want to spend the $15,000 to $20,000 per doctor it would take to make the conversion.

posted by Neil Savage, Xconomy.com

It's a far cry from blue ribbons for livestock or produce.

Fearing the country isn't producing enough scientists and engineers to keep the US competitive with the rest of the world, the National 4-H Council went to Washington this week to lobby members of Congress to promote science to youngsters, says the Wall Street Journal.

4-H wants funding for programs that give kids hands-on experience with science, such as building rockets. The council pledges to prepare one million of the nation's youth for science careers by 2013.

posted by Neil Savage, Xconomy.com

If the number of medical students doesn't increase soon, the US could find itself with 44,000 fewer general internists and family physicians than it needs by 2025, researchers at the University of Missouri warn.

Science Daily reports on a study published in the journal Health Affairs that while the US population has been growing and living longer, the number of generalists graduating from medical schools has been shrinking. The study's authors suggest increasing enrollment in medical schools by forgiving some loans if students become generalists.

To treat chronically ill patients, they advocate a team approach: physicians, nurse practitioners, physician assistants and others provide comprehensive primary care services. And, they advise increasing the use of the telephone, e-mail and electronic medical records to boost quality and reduce costs.

As data centers face growing demands for power to run their servers, many of them are looking to build new facilities near sources of renewable energy. But as Ars Technica points out, sources like sun and wind fluctuate in availability, so finding ways to store that energy becomes an issue. The blog looks at various ways in which electricity generate by solar cells or wind turbines might be held for later use.

Web Picks posted by Neil Savage in partnership with xconomy.com.

Delaware has prospered by passing business-friendly laws that encourage entrepreneurs to incorporate in that state. Now Vermont is taking advantage of a change in US law that no longer requires corporations to have physical headquarters and in-person board meetings, says GigaOm. Vermont Governor Jim Douglas has just signed a law that will allow virtual companies to incorporate in his state.

Web picks posted by Neil Savage in partnership with xconomy.com

posted by Neil Savage, xconomy.com

Researchers from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) say the manure from a single pig could yield 21 gallons of crude oil. Wired Science reports though the pig-based fuel is not yet ready for use in your road hog, the analysis tells researchers how they can improve it. More important, says Wired, is that in doing this study, NIST developed a measurement technique that can be used in analyzing all sorts of fuels.

posted by Neil Savage, xconomy.com

It's not just the SUV that have America's highways contributing to global warming. Making asphalt requires heating it to 300°F, which means burning energy and emitting carbon. The Environmental News Network reports a University of Wisconsin scientist is studying materials he could mix in with the tar to make low-temperature asphalt.

posted by Neil Savage, xconomy.com

Even with greener asphalt, the vehicles traveling our highways are still a major source of greenhouse gases. Google's Public Policy Blog thinks plug-in hybrids may provide one way of reducing emissions. Along with the Brookings Institution, they're sponsoring a conference called "Plug-in Electric Vehicles 2008: What Role for Washington," to discuss how the federal government can encourage such cars.

posted by Neil Savage, xconomy.com

High-tech attacks notwithstanding, an analysis by Verizon's Business Risk team found the vast majority of data losses come down to sloppy security. The Wall Street Journal says that over half of the attacks the team studied were committed by people with minimal technical skills. They say stupid mistakes are so common that forensics work is getting boring.

 

posted by Neil Savage, xconomy.com

A new model for monitoring the Internet to identify computer infected with worms could reduce the threat of worms such as Code Red, which caused $2.6 billion in damages. Technology Review reports that researchers found they could catch worms earlier if they looked at the number of times a machine scans the Internet looking for new hosts. The key was finding the scanning rate high enough that it indicated infection without catching uninfected computers just going about their business.

posted by Neil Savage, xconomy.com

A report from the RAND Corp. says the US is still the world leader in science and technology, despite worries about falling behind. But it also finds there is increasing competition from Europe and Asia, and recommends some steps to stay in the lead, Science Blog reports. Among the suggestions: Make it easier for foreigners who earn degrees here to stay here, and establish a group to keep an eye on how US science and technology stacks up.

posted by Neil Savage, xconomy.com

Shortfalls in the blood supply are a chronic public health problem, especially in the summer months. Science Daily reports that a UCLA clinical trial of a blood substitute, derived from cows, found the substance was relatively safe in patients under 80 who needed up to about three pints of blood. The substitute can be stored for three years at room temperature and doesn't need to be matched to a patient's blood type.